TheFuneralOrationofPericles
伯里克利/Pericles
伯里克利（公元前495—公元前429），古雅典最伟大的政治家，贵族出身，却是民主派领袖，实行奴隶主民主政治。当政期间完成了奴隶主民主宪法，发展工商业，奖励文化，大兴土木。从公元前443年到公元前429年，他任将军委员会的首席将军，成为雅典的最高统治者。在他任职期间，雅典文化和国势都发展到巅峰状态。
PracticgforBetterLearng
Readthefollogarticlecarefully,andahequestionsbelow.
1.WhatakestheAthenianhappyandsatisfied?
2.Whatdoes“thedoubleadvantage”refertothestparagraph?
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Ournstitutiondoesnotpythewsofneighbstates;weareratherapatterntoothersthaniitatorsourselves.Itsadistrationfavorstheanysteadofthefew;thisiswhyitiscalledadeocracy.Ifwelooktothews,theyaffordequaljticetoalltheirprivatedifferences;iftosocialstandg,advapubliclifefallstoreputationforcapacity,siderationsnotbegallowedtoterferewithrit;nadoespovertybartheway;ifaanisabletoservethestate,heisnothderedbytheobscurityofhisndition.Thefreedowhichweenjoyoverendsalsotoourordarylife.There,farfroexercisgajealosurveilnceovereachother,wedonotfeelcalledupontobeangrywithourneighborfwhathelikes,oreventodulgethosejuriolookswhichotfailtobeoffensive,althoughtheyfliopositivepenalty.Butallthiseaseourprivateretionsdoesnotakewlessascitizens.Agastthisfearisourchiefsafeguardteachgtoobeytheagistratesandthewsparticurlysuchasregardstheproteofthejured,whethertheyareactuallyoatutebook,orbelongtothatdewhich,althoughunwritteotbebrokenwithoutaowledgeddisgrace.
Furtherweprovideplentyofansforthedtorefreshitselffrobess.Wecelebrategasandsacrificesallyearroundandtheeleganceofourprivateestablishntsforsadailysourceofpleasureandhelpstobanishthespleen;whiletheagnitudeofourcitydrawstheproduceoftheworldtoourharbor,sothattotheAthenianthefruitsofotheruntriesareasfailiaraxuryasthoseofhisown.
Ifweturntoourilitarypolidefnersfroanyopportunityoflearngor,althoughtheeyesofanyeneyayoasionallyprofitbyourliberality;trtglesssysteandpolicythantothenativespiritofourtlyasweplease,aarejtasreadytoenuntereverylegitiatedanger.InproofofthisitaybenoticedthattheLacedaeoniansdonotvadeouruntryalone,butbrgwiththealltheires;whileweAtheniansadvansupportedtotheterritoryofaneighbor,andfightguponafnsoiluallyvanquishwitheasenwhoaredefendgtheirhos.Ourunitedforcewasneveryetenunteredbyanyeney,becaewehaveatooattendtoourareandtodispatchourcitizensbynduponahundreddifferentservices;sothat,wherevertheyehsosuchfraofourstrength,asuessagastadetatisagoavictoryoverthenation,andadefeattoareversesufferedatthehandsoftheentirepeople.Aifwithhabitsnotofborbutofease,anduragenotofartbutofnaturewearestillwillgtoenunterdangerwehavethedoubleadvantageofescapgtheexperienceofhardshipsanticipationandoffacgthethehourofneedasfearlesslyasthosewhoareneverfreefrothe.